Perú Versión:

INCA JUNGLE VS INCA TRAIL VS LARES TREK VS SALKANTAY TREK


CLASSIC INCA TRAIL TO MACHUPICCHU
How long is the Inca trail and how many hours do we hike per day?
The Inca Trail is 42 kms (26 miles) long. Campsites along the Trail are assigned by the INC (National Institute of Culture) and for this reason it is difficult to determine the distance to be covered in a day but expect to walk 6 to 9 hours per day for the first three days and approximately 2 hours on the last day. Hours walked will vary with distance covered and the fitness level of each hiker.

How difficult is the Inca Trail?
The Inca Trail is considered a moderate hike. It's not a technical hike but there are a lot of Inca staircases to walk up and down, and the altitude may affect some individuals. We recommend purchasing a light aluminum walking stick while in Peru as it will help with your balance and reduce the load on your knees. We ask that you not use a metal tipped walking stick as it can harm the fragile environment along the trail.

Is altitude sickness common? And how high is the Inca Trail?
It's impossible to predict who will be affected by altitude. Your ability to adapt to high altitude is determined by your genetic makeup and has little to do with fitness or health. Most people will have no problems as long as they take the time to acclimatize properly. A full day spent in Cuzco (3249m), taking it easy and drinking plenty of water, is usually enough for most people. The highest point you will reach while hiking the Inca Trail is 4200 meters. You will sleep at 3600 meters for one or two nights.

Is it possible to skip the Inca Trail even if the tour includes it?
Yes! If you do not wish to hike the Inca Trail please advise us at the time of booking (it is very difficult to make these arrangements once you have already confirmed). If you choose not to hike the trail you will spend two nights in Cuzco and then take the train to the town of Aguas Calientes for the third night. You will rejoin your group at Machu Picchu for your included tour of the site. You may also choose to book a trip that includes the slightly higher and scenic Lares Trail. This popular 3-day and 2 night trek, ends in Ollantaytambo where you will catch the train to Aguas Calientes, Spend the night in a simple hotel and catch the early bus to Machu Picchu.

When do we reach Machu Picchu and how much time do we spend there?
The time at which you will reach Machu Picchu depends on the campsite assigned for your third night on the Trail. Many groups will reach the sun gate at approximately 6:00am (the hike begins at approx. 4:30am) and will enter the site 45 minutes later but this cannot be determined in advance. After a bit of time to catch your breath and freshen up after the hike you will receive a two hour guided tour followed by some free time to explore the area on your own before the group travels by bus to Aguas Calientes where we catch the train back to Ollantaytambo and then bus back to cusco. Train schedules vary.

Do porters carry our luggage while on the Inca Trail?
Quechuas Expeditions can recommend you to hire an extra porter US$100 (15kg Max) or half porter US$50 (7kg Max) for the entire trek ).
Sleeping bag (not included) it can be hired from us and it must be carried by passengers.Sleeping pad (included). we include THERM-A-REST self-inflating air Sleeping mattresses ( a whole new way to sleep in comfort.) and it must be carried by passengers as well. Sleeping Bags and Sleeping Mattress are part of your personal you must carry.
tems not required while on the trail can be stored safely at our hotel in Cuzco. All you will be required to carry is a daypack containing items you will need during the day (Water, camera, sunscreen, rain poncho, etc..).

How cold does it get on the Inca Trail (will I need to bring hats and mitts)?
The altitude means it can get quite chilly, especially during the Andean winter (May - September) when the temperature can drop to below zero degrees (Celsius) at night. It can still be cool at other times of the year and so we recommend bringing thermal underwear and a warm sleeping bag. You can purchase warm, inexpensive and locally made hand-woven mitts and gloves in Cuzco.

What type of accommodation is used on the Inca Trail?
Three-person tents are used to accommodate two same-sex travellers. There are a few places where permanent but very basic toilet facilities exist and when they are not available our team will set up portable toilet tents. Trekkers are provided with a bowl of hot water (and a hot drink) every morning in their tent.

Is a sleeping bag and mat included?
Sleeping bags are not included and so we recommend bringing a compact three-season sleeping bag. A popular alternative is to rent a sleeping bag in Cuzco which can be rented from us. They are clean, warm and cost approximately USD$20 (for all four days). Some renters may choose to bring a sleeping bag liner or sheet. self-inflating mat Therm-a-rest are provided.

Is purified water available on the trail?
Bottled water can be purchased on day 1 and on the evening of day 3 of the Inca Trail however we discourage trekkers from purchasing bottles as it increases the amount of garbage that must be packed out. We recommend that you bring a refillable water bottle as boiled water will be provided in the morning at breakfast, at lunch and every evening after dinner.

What type of food will we get on the Inca Trail?
Our cooks prepare excellent high-energy meals appropriate for a trek of this nature. The menu usually includes pasta, rice, chicken, fresh fruit and vegetables and a variety of oatmeal, eggs and other breakfast foods. Vegetarian alternatives are available upon request at the time of booking.

How much should I tip the guides and porters?
Tipping is at your discretion but always appreciated. A good rule of thumb is anywhere from $6-8 dollars per day for the porters.

What are the requirements to hike the Inca Trail?
To hike the Inca Trail with Quechuas Expeditions you must be over the age of 08, with moderate level of fitness, and hold a passport that is valid for up to 6 months after you return to your home country.

Bookings must be made as far in advance as possible. To be able to ensure a spot on the Inca Trail we recommend that you purchase your trip at least 3 months in advance in low season (between November and April) and at least 6 months in advance in high season (May to October).

We cannot guarantee the availability of a permit by following these guidelines however your chances are much greater.

We require the following information for the purchase of an Inca Trail Permit.
1. Passport Full name (exactly as it appears on the passport)
2. Passport Date of Birth
3. Passport Nationality
4. Passport Number
5. Gender
6. Date of Passport Expiry - Must be valid for the date of travel

Any attempts at modifications result in a loss of the permit and any money paid.

A limited amount of permits are available each day for hikers in an effort to preserve the trail.

When is the High Season on the Inca Trail?
Hiking the Inca Trail is popular all year, however May to September is considered the 'high' season. This means that permits can be sold out many months in advance, so it is especially imperative to plan ahead of hiking during these months.

The cost of 'high season' Inca Trail tours is slightly higher than the rest of the year, however if you book before February, you can save money by taking advantage of our

How early do I need to book my Inca Trail tour?
Permits to hike the Inca Trail can be sold out for many months in advance, particularly in the high season. We recommend booking as early as possible.
 

ALTERNATIVE LARES TREK  TO MACHUPICCHU
How long is the Lares Trek and how many hours do we hike per a day?
The Lares Trek is 33 kms ( 20.5miles) long and depending on which campsites are used the approximate hours hiked per day are: Day 1: 5 hours Day 2: 8 hours Day 3: 4 hours Day 4: 2 hours

How difficult is the Lares Trek?
The Lares Trek is considered a moderate hike. It's not a technical hike but the altitude may affect some individuals. We recommend purchasing a wooden walking stick while in Peru as it will help with your balance and reduce the load on your knees. We ask that you not use a metal tipped walking stick as it can harm the fragile environment along the trail.

Is altitude sickness common? And how high is the Lares Trek?
It's impossible to predict who will be affected by altitude. Your ability to adapt to high altitude is determined by your genetic makeup and has little to do with fitness or health. Most people will have no problems as long as they take the time to acclimatize properly. A full day spent in Cuzco (3249m), taking it easy and drinking plenty of water, is usually enough for most people. The highest point you will reach while hiking the Lares Trek is 4550 meters.

Is it possible to skip the Lares Trek even if the tour includes it?
Yes! If you do not wish to hike the Lares Trek please advise us at the time of booking (it is very difficult to make these arrangements once you have already confirmed). If you choose not to hike the trail you will spend two nights in Cuzco and then take the train to the town of Aguas Calientes for the third night where you will rejoin your group and spend the night before touring Machu Picchu the following morning.

When do we reach Machu Picchu and how much time do we spend there?
You will reach Machu Picchu early in the morning on Day 4. You will be met by a local guide who will take you on an informative 2-hour tour of the ruins. After the tour you will have a few hours of free time to explore the area on your own before the group travels by bus to Aguas Calientes where we catch the train back to Cuzco.

Do porters carry our luggage while on the Lares Trek?
No, llamas, pack mules and/or horses will be provided to carry your personal items. You will still need to bring a day backpack to carry any essentials you might want or need, such as water, snacks, camera, sweater, rain jacket, etc.

How cold does it get on the Lares Trek (will I need to bring hats and mitts)?
The high altitude means it can get quite chilly, especially during the Andean winter (May - September) when the temperature can drop to below zero degrees (Celsius) at night. It can still be cool at other times of the year and so we recommend bringing thermal underwear and a warm sleeping bag. You can purchase warm, inexpensive and locally made hand-woven hats and gloves in Cuzco.

What type of accommodation is used on the Lares Trek?
Three-person tents are used to accommodate two same-sex travelers for the first two nights. The third night will be spent in a simple hotel in Aguas Calientes. There are a few places where permanent but very basic toilet facilities exist and when they are not available our team will set up portable toilet tents. Trekkers are provided with a bowl of hot water

Is a sleeping bag and mat included?
Sleeping bags are not included and so we recommend bringing a compact three-season sleeping bag. A popular alternative is to rent a sleeping bag in Cuzco which can be rented from us. They are clean, warm and cost approximately USD$20 (for all four days). Some renters may choose to bring a sleeping bag liner or sheet. self-inflating mat Therm-a-rest are provided.

Is purified water available on the trek?
We recommend that you bring a refillable water bottle as boiled water will be provided in the morning at breakfast, at lunch and every evening after dinner.

What type of food will we get on the Lares Trek?
Our cooks prepare excellent high-energy meals appropriate for a trek of this nature. The menu usually includes pasta, rice, chicken, fresh fruit and vegetables and a variety of oatmeal, eggs and other breakfast foods. Vegetarian alternatives are available upon request at the time of booking.
 


ALTERNATIVE SALKANTAY TREK TO MACHUPICCHU

How long is the Salkantay Trek and how many hours do we hike per a day?
The Salkantay Trek is 62 kms ( 38.5miles) long and depending on which campsites are used the approximate hours hiked per day are: Day 1: 7 hours Day 2: 9 hours Day 3: 6 hours Day 4: 7 hours Day 5: 2 hours

How difficult is the Salkantay Trek?
The Lares Trek is considered a moderate hike. It's not a technical hike but the altitude may affect some individuals. We recommend purchasing a wooden walking stick while in Peru as it will help with your balance and reduce the load on your knees. We ask that you not use a metal tipped walking stick as it can harm the fragile environment along the trail.

Is altitude sickness common? And how high is the Salkantay Trek?
It's impossible to predict who will be affected by altitude. Your ability to adapt to high altitude is determined by your genetic makeup and has little to do with fitness or health. Most people will have no problems as long as they take the time to acclimatize properly. A full day spent in Cuzco (3249m), taking it easy and drinking plenty of water, is usually enough for most people. The highest point you will reach while hiking the Salkantay Trek is 4600 meters.

Is it possible to skip the Salkantay Trek even if the tour includes it?
Yes! If you do not wish to hike the Salkantay Trek please advise us at the time of booking (it is very difficult to make these arrangements once you have already confirmed). If you choose not to hike the trail you will spend two nights in Cuzco and then take the train to the town of Aguas Calientes for the fourth night where you will rejoin your group and spend the night before touring Machu Picchu the following morning.

When do we reach Machu Picchu and how much time do we spend there?
You will reach Machu Picchu early in the morning on Day 5. You will be met by a local guide who will take you on an informative 2-hour tour of the ruins. After the tour you will have a few hours of free time to explore the area on your own before the group travels by bus to Aguas Calientes where we catch the train back to Cuzco.

Do porters carry our luggage while on the Salkantay Trek?
No, pack mules and/or horses will be provided to carry your personal items. You will still need to bring a day backpack to carry any essentials you might want or need, such as water, snacks, camera, sweater, rain jacket, etc. (horses will go carry 3 days only till la playa)

How cold does it get on the Salkantay Trek (will I need to bring hats and mitts)?
The high altitude means it can get quite chilly, especially during the Andean winter (May - September) when the temperature can drop to below zero degrees (Celsius) at night. It can still be cool at other times of the year and so we recommend bringing thermal underwear and a warm sleeping bag. You can purchase warm, inexpensive and locally made hand-woven hats and gloves in Cuzco.

What type of accommodation is used on the Salkantay Trek?
Three-person tents are used to accommodate two same-sex travelers for the first two nights. The third night will be spent in a simple hotel in Aguas Calientes. There are a few places where permanent but very basic toilet facilities exist and when they are not available our team will set up portable toilet tents. Trekkers are provided with a bowl of hot water

Is a sleeping bag and mat included?
Sleeping bags are not included and so we recommend bringing a compact three-season sleeping bag. A popular alternative is to rent a sleeping bag in Cuzco which can be rented from us. They are clean, warm and cost approximately USD$20 (for all four days). Some renters may choose to bring a sleeping bag liner or sheet. self-inflating mat Therm-a-rest are provided.

Is purified water available on the trek?
We recommend that you bring a refillable water bottle as boiled water will be provided in the morning at breakfast, at lunch and every evening after dinner.

What type of food will we get on the Salkantay Trek?
Our cooks prepare excellent high-energy meals appropriate for a trek of this nature. The menu usually includes pasta, rice, chicken, fresh fruit and vegetables and a variety of oatmeal, eggs and other breakfast foods. Vegetarian alternatives are available upon request at the time of booking.
 


FOR THOSE WHO DO INCA JUNGLE TO MACHUPICCHU

TIPS FOR DOWNHILL MOUNTAIN BIKING BY QUECHUAS EXPEDITIONS
CLOTHING :

• Always wear a helmet (make sure it fits snuck).
• Full finger gloves, long pants and sweatshirt can further prevent scratches.
• Knee and Elbow pads are optional but offer further protection.
• If available, Mountain biking shoes afford additional arch support and the relatively stiff sole makes for easier energy transfer.
• At any rate the shoes you wear should be good for walking with a non-slip sole if possible. Wear tennis, hiking or sport shoes. Sandals or slippers are not suitable.
• Eyewear in some cases is helpful keeping bugs and the occasional bush out of the eyes. Clear glasses are the best in forest riding conditions, sunglasses may be to dark to make out the exact contour of the ground.
• A light raincoat for wet and cooler conditions in Cusco is only during the rainy season on longer trips necessary.
• A small Daypack can hold all your belongings. No messenger bags.

PERSONAL FITNESS :

You should be reasonably fit, and comfortable biking in regular conditions before going OFF Road. Drink light (alcohol) the night before, maybe do a little carbo-loading and you find the trip the next day more enjoyable.
FOOD AND DRINK, FIRST AID :

• Drink a little extra water before the ride; bring at least 1 liter water for 3 hrs and 2 liters or more for 6 hrs in a daypack.
• A high energy snack (nuts, chocolate, granola bar ) is a good idea, even for short trips. The more energy you have the more control.
• First Aid Kit should hold some tape, gauzes, bandages and anti bacterial powder. (Trip leader)

REPAIR ON THE TRAIL :

Being in the woods means no outside support and one must be self-sufficient. Ones riding style should also adapt to that fact. It could mean a long walk out in case of severe bike damage. You (or group leader) should bring at least: A mountain biking multi tool, they are fairly complete. Spare tubes, set of extra break pads, tools to change tires, chain tool, oil, pump

GOOD PRACTICE :

• Check your bike again right before your trip.
• Check that your wheels are attached securely.
• Check that your breaks are working properly.
• For steep down hills have your saddle adjusted lower than usual, it makes it easier to keep your weight of the handlebars. Make sure your front and rear derailer are correctly set.
• You must pedal when changing gear, test on flat ground.
• For those who don't know, the chain positioned on the largest chain ring in the back and smallest chain ring the front is the easiest setting to go uphill.

RIDING CONDUCT AND TRAFFIC :

• Stay on the RIGHT to avoid traffic, keep plenty of distance between you and the next rider.
• We don't pass each other on down hills, it breaks the concentration of the rider being passed, everyone should know that they have the full with of the trail at all times.
• Look at the ground in front and not at the rider ahead of you.
• The instructors or other riders speed is no indication how fast you should travel.
• Ride at your own speed that you are comfortable with.
• Do not increase your speed to catch up, the rest of the group is happy to wait.
• Those racing ahead should wait at every intersection, if you race ahead and get lost, we will see you back in Chiang Mai.

RIDING TECHNIQUES :
BREAKING :
Definitely a big part in down hill biking, you find your hands get tired easily, such we take plenty of rests on the way.
Always have 2 fingers on your breaks!
Always use both rear and front breaks together. Before going on steep down hill you should have your breaks fully pressed and release your breaks to speed up, rather than press them to slow you down.
Remember when you suddenly slow down due to heavy breaking or encountering an object your weight gets thrown forward, so counter by leaning back.
When approaching a small obstacle on a downhill or enter a hole, its best to increase your speed to get over the obstacle or out of the hole rather than breaking into it. (Minimal release of the break for a split second does the trick.)
Do not try to slow a moving bike by lowering yourself between the saddle and the handlebar and dragging your foot onto the ground. Use your breaks to come to a complete stop first then put your foot down.

BODY POSITION GOING DOWN HILL :

• The steeper the downhill the further shift your weight back.
• Shifting your weight back means, keep your upper body low and shift your behind back.
• Standing on your pedals (parallel to the ground) and squeezing your saddle with your thighs allows more flexibility and easier weight shifting when (rolling) fast on rough terrain.
• Standing on your pedals (parallel to the ground) and squeezing your saddle with your thighs allows more flexibility and easier weight shifting when (rolling) fast on rough terrain.
• Flexible elbows proof that you have sufficient weight off the handlebars and transferred into your legs.

TRAIL CONDITIONS :
DOWNHILL

• Focus on where you can ride ,rather where you will fall, this will help keep you focused
• Size up each section of the trail and set your speed accordingly, start slow and increase your speed if you feel its safe.
• Entering deep sand and deep mud will slow you down and throw your weight forward, as you enter shift weight back and use more speed to get you through, no sharp turns, keep your wheel straight as possible.
• When riding on a dirt road with deep ruts stay on the top .
• If you do slide into a rut, take the momentum and get out on the other side.
• On wet surface plan your directional change well in advance and keep your wheels pointing downward as much as possible, Avoid turning your wheel sharp left or right it could result in sliding. You can only slide straight down so keep your wheels pointed in that direction. Allow more time for braking, sudden sharp breaking will result in sliding.
• Uphill
• Shift into your easiest gear before you reach the steep part of an up hill, so that you don't put to much pressure onto the individual chain links. Shift easy, don't force especially when using a grip shifter. If you fail to get into the right gear on the uphill step off your bike and walk until you get to a less steep uphill.

FALLING OF YOUR BIKE :

• The best chance of falling is within the first 15 minutes, so take care and control your speed until you are warmed up.
• The main reason for falling is a sudden change of direction combined with abrupt stopping resulting your weight getting thrown forward and of the bike.
• When you feel things getting out of hand, your first reaction should be weight back, this eliminates 99 % of all problems.
• When falling (or if) slide over the back of the bike and let the bike role ahead. Do not break the fall with an extended arm and wrist; rather take the fall with your shoulder and role off. transfer the energy from the fall into a roll.
• Do not pick your nose while riding, ( ha ha )
• Stop anytime and walk the really hard bits.
All in all this sport commands your full concentration and that is why we love it.

Have fun, see you on the trail.
WISTMAN SANCHEZ
Your Mountain Biking Guide ( By Quechuas Expeditions )

 

  INCA TRAIL
4/D
 		 INCA TRAIL
2/D
 		 SALKANTAY
TREK 5/D
 		 SALKANTAY
TREK4/D
 		 LARES
TREK 4/D
 		 CAMPING
INCA JUNGLE
4/D
 		 CLASSIC
INCA JUNGLE
4/D
 		 CHOQUEQUIRAO
MACHUPICCHU
9/D
 

SMALL AND PRIVATE GROUPS SPECIALISTS (QUECHUAS EXPEDITIONS)TOUR OPERATOR, TRAVEL LIKE LOCAL, BE LOCAL

 
DESCRIPTION  4 DAYS AND 3 NIGHTS   2 DAYS AND 1 NIGHT   5 DAYS AND 4 NIGHTS   4 DAYS AND 3 NIGHTS   4 DAYS AND 3 NIGHTS   4 DAYS AND 3 NIGHTS   4 DAYS AND 3 NIGHTS   9 DAYS AND 8 NIGHTS
DURATION 4 DAYS 2 DAYS 5 DAYS 4 DAYS 4 DAYS 4 DAYS 4 DAYS 9 DAYS
FITNESS OF LEVEL  INTERMEDIATE  BEGINNER  INTERMEDIATE  INTERMEDIATE  INTERMEDIATE  INTERMEDIATE  BEGINNER  ADVANCED
SPORT ACTIVITIES HIKING / CAMPING HIKING HIKING / CAMPING HIKING / CAMPING HIKING / CAMPING BIKING / HIKING / CAMPING BIKING / HIKING / CAMPING HIKING / CAMPING
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES TO DO     BIKING / ZIP-LINE FROM  THE 3RD DAY BIKING / ZIP-LINE FROM  THE 2ND DAY   RAFTING / ZIP-LINE
RAFTING / ZIP-LINE  
REQUIRES PERMITS  YES YES NO NO NO NO NO NO
PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION YES  TRAIN YES YES YES YES YES YES
ACCOMODATION CAMPING  HOSTEL CAMPING CAMPING CAMPING CAMPING HOSTEL CAMPING
PORTERS YES NO NO NO NO YES NO NO
HORSES NO NO YES YES YES NO NO YES
COOK  YES  NO  YES  YES  YES  YES  NO  YES
         

Cusco (Cuzco): Tourist information

Arrival - tourist offices - tickets - mountain sickness - crime in Cusco and the poverty conditions for the natives

Arrival, information and city transport

[Telephone dialing code for Cusco is 084, international 0051-84].

Taxi or colectivo from the airport to the center of Cusco
Cusco's [international airport] Aeropuerto Internacional Velasso Astete (T. 222611) is 4km south of the city center. You can either take a taxi from outside the arrivals hall ($2-3 to the city center) or a colectivo combi from outside the airport car park (frequent departures 50 cents), which goes to Plaza San Francisco via Avenida Sol and Plaza de Armas. Note that the airport is full of tour touts, who should be avoided.

Coming from the Huanchac train station
If you're coming in by train from Juliaca, Puno or Arequipa, you'll arrive at the Huanchac train station in the southeast of the city; you can hail a taxi on the street outside (around $1 to the center), or turn left out of the station and walk about a hundred meters to Avenida Sol, from where you can either catch a colectivo (30 cents, including the airport one if it has space, see above), or walk the eight or nine blocks up a gentle hill to the Plaza de Armas, essentially the city center.[Since two years the natives are prohibited to sell their products on the Plaza de Armas because tourists feel too molested].

Coming by bus from the bus terminals of Cusco
Apart from Cruz del Sur, who have their own independent depot at Avenida Pachacutec, a few blocks east of Huanchac railway station and Avenida Sol, inter-regional and international buses (see Listings, p. 272, for details) arrive and depart from the rather scruffy Terminal Terrestre at Avenida Vallegos Santoni, block 2 (T. 224471) southeast of the center, close to the Pachacutec monument and roundabout (ovalo) and roughly halfway between the Plaza de Armas and the airport. Taxis from here to the city center cost $1-2, or you can walk to the Pachacutec ovalo and catch a colectivo uphill to either the Plaza San Francisco or the Plaza de Armas - otherwise, it's about a half-hour walk.

Local buses to regional centers
Regional buses from the Sicuani, Urcos and Paucartambo areas stop around blocks 15 and 16 of Avenida de la Cultura, from where it's a bit of a hike, so you'll almost certainly want to take a taxi ($1-2) or bus or combi colectivo (30 cents) to the center.
Almost all Sacred Valley buses come and go from Avenida Grau 525 (for Pisac, Urubamba, Chincheros, Ollantaytambo), near Puente Grau, or Tullumayu 207 (for Pisac). Another bus stop for Urubamba via Pisac can be found in block 2 of Calle Puputi.
To get up to Sacsayhuaman [Inca fortress 2km on a hill near Cusco] without the breathtaking experience of walking up there before you've really acclimatized to the altitude, take the Tranvia Cusco woodenbus (T. 224377 or 740640; $2 or less, small children, free) which takes a scenic ride through the historic center up to Sacsayhuaman and back most days; it's usually found parked outside the Hostal Familiar on Calle Saphi.

Free tourist information offices
The main tourist office, operated by the Dirección Regional de Industria y Turismo (DRIT ["Local department of industry and tourism"]) at Portal de Mantas 117-A (Mon-Fri 8am-7pm, Sat 8am-2.30pm; T. 263176 or 222032), is a short block from the Plaza de Armas
with information kiosks at the airport and the Terminal Terrestre. Another small municipal tourist-information kiosk is in the pedestrian area outside San Pedro market (Mon-Fri 9am-noon and 3-6pm).
The downtown tourist information office is well-staffed, spacious and offers a friendly service with sound advice on where to go and how to get there, as well as maps and brochures. Some tourist information is also provided by i-Peru Tourist Assistance from from their office at Avenida Sol 103 (Rom 203; daily 9am-7pm; T. 252974, Fax 234498, e-mail iperucusco@promperu.gob.pe), as well as from a booth at the airport (daily 6am-4pm, sometimes later; t. 237364). There's also an information kiosk with very limited information (irregular hours between 8am and 6pm) at the Terminal Terrestre bus terminal.

Other sources are tour agencies around the Plaza de Armas or along calles Plateros and Procuradores, running uphill from the plaza. They provide leaflets promoting their own tours, but many also offer customized generic plans of the city and simple maps of the Sacred Valley and nearby regions. The Cuscoperu website is a good source of information about Cusco: www.quechuasexpeditions.com

City transport - walking
[Maps of the town are hardly to have. Ask in the tourist offices. The bus system is never indicated. Tourists have no chance to get the bus lines out in only one or two weeks].
Cusco's center is small enough to walk around. Taxis can be waved down on any street [they are attacking the white tourists with honking as much as they can, you cannot walk on a street without being attacked because poverty is so hard and the taxi driver wants some Soles by a service for a white tourist]. (p.249)

Cusco Tourist Tickets (Boleto Turistico - Cusco)
The Cusco Tourist Ticket (130 soles for 10 days, students 70 soles; a one-day ticket costs 70 soles, no discounts) is a vital purchase for most visitors. It's the only way to get into most of the city's and region's main attractions and comes with useful maps and other information, including opening times. It does not give entry to the Catedral, Iglesia San Blas or Museo de Arte Religioso ["museum of religious art"], which each cost a separate $5 entry.
The ticket is, in theory, available from all of the sites on the ticket, but in practice it's best to buy from the Tourist Information office in Calle Mantas, the i-Peru office at Avenida Sol 103 (Galerias Turisticas, room 2; T. 227037) or the office at Casa Garcilaso on the corner of Garcilaso and Heladeros (Mon-Fri 7.45am-6pm, Sat 8.30am-4pm, Sun 8am-noon) (p.249).

Mountain sickness "soroche"
Soroche, or mountain sickness, is a reality for most people arriving in Cusco by plane from sea level and needs to be treated with respect. It's vital to take it easy not eating or drinking much on arrival, even sleeping a whole day just to assist acclimatization (coca tea is a good local remedy). After three days at this height most people have adjusted sufficiently to tackle moderate hikes at similar or lesser altitudes. Anyone considering tackling the major mountains around Cusco will need time to adjust again to their higher base camps (p.248)

[When you come by bus from Lima it can be some passengers have soroche in the bus. One is chewing coca leafs against soroche in the bus].

Crime in Cusco by extreme poverty
[Poverty is so strong in Cusco - and the upper class of Peru is not giving any cent of the big profits of Machu Picchu to the Cusco population, so there is crime against tourists in Cusco. When the window glass cannot be repaired and people are freezing in the night there will be criminality to have money for the window glass etc. Tourist companies are also instigating a hatred against the tourists e.g. when tourists have the better buses than the population, and tourist restaurants give pizzas for 30 soles what is 3 times a daily income for a native, and tourist hotels have always water, the population in the suburbs only 2 hours every 2 days. At the same time the government of Peru maintains that tourism would be "important". Yes, for the money bag of the government, tourism is important, not to for the natives! By this the government of Peru and it's corrupt industry are giving conditions that criminality and envy will not stop].
Cusco police have made a real effort to clean up the city's poor reputation for pickpocketing, bag snatching and street muggings. However, in recent years there have been several reports of "strangle muggings", whereby tourists are jumped and strangled to the point of fainting before being robbed. Although crimes in general are rare, it's still best to avoid walking along empty streets late at night, especially if alone. The police claim that robberies are virtually non-existent around the Plaza de Armas or Avenida Sol, but admit that incidents are still possible in the Central Market and the area downhill from here. The train stations tend to be well policed by private security, and inside the railway compounds problems are almost non-existent.
If you are unlucky enough to have anything stolen, report it to the Tourist Police. On the other hand, if you need help or advice to make a claim against a local tourism operator or service provider who has seriously failed to deliver what they promised (it's always a good idea to get this written down and signed as agreed by the operator before paying) you'll get better results by going to the i-peru Tourist Assistance office, or contact your consulate

TAXI.

You should be particularly careful when arriving at Lima’s Jorge Chavez international airport. Unwary passengers are often approached by thieves masquerading as tour operators, people who pretend to know them or bogus taxi drivers. There have been frequent cases of rogue taxis being used at the information kiosk next to the airport exit.
Tourists have also been targeted and robbed by bogus taxi drivers elsewhere, especially at night. The safest way to travel by taxi is to always call a licensed taxi company, which may be marginally more expensive, but it is much safer than hailing a taxi on the street. If possible you should always book a taxi in advance from a reputable company, hotels and tour guides will be able to chances with unlicensed taxis.
If you cannot avoid taking a taxi from the street, try to use a taxi that is licensed. It is not always easy to determine this as taxis vary greatly in different areas of Peru. Generally licensed taxis will have their registration number on the side of the vehicle and a drive's identification card prominently displayed in the vehicle. But in all cases be sure to take a conspicuous note of the registration number before getting into the vehicle.

OPPORTUNISTIC THEFT
Most theft is opportunistic - limit this by walking around with valuable items hidden- i.e. cameras, wallets. And do not visibly wear expensive watches, jewellery or sunglasses. Do not hang valuables or bags on the backs of chairs.

GENERAL THEFT TECHNIQUES
There are several different techniques which are used to steal from unsuspecting tourists:

THE SPIT TRICK
Usually carried out by a group of 3 or 4, in very busy streets. One will walk behind you and spit or splash liquid on the back of your neck when you then turn around in disgust loosening your grip on anything that you have in your hands. An accomplice walking the other way will grab your possessions and disappear behind you before you have time to work out what is going on, or who took your bag. If you feel a liquid hit the back of your neck, just keep walking without turning around and hold on to your possessions. Variations on this technique include distracting you by spilling things on your clothes, or street children begging or fighting in front of you.

BAG OPENING / SLASHING
In crowded streets, thieves will walk behind you and carefully undo pockets on your backpack, taking out your belongings. Others carry a small knife, with which slit open the bottom of your bag or backpack (sometimes even trouser leg) to take things out without you noticing. You still have a hold on your bag and so do not realise that there is a hole in it. This type of robbery can take place anywhere crowded - be particularly vigilant when waiting to cross the street; where people pushing behind you might not just be in a hurry to cross. Also, be aware if you take local transport, especially combis or buses and in and around bus stations. People will often work together. As you sit between 2 people whilst one talks to you. The other is carefully slitting open your pockets and looking for your wallet.

STRANGLE ROBBERY
A group of at least 4 work together, one comes from behind and holds your head while another pushes your head down - you lose consciousness for up to 20 seconds. When you awake you have been stripped of everything, including clothes in some cases. This type of attack is not very common and tends to take place after dark in relatively quiet areas.
Areas to avoid
Try not to walk alone after dark. Walk in a group when possible, and always walk with direction and purpose. Take a registered taxi after an evening out and avoid areas that are particularly known for opportunistic crime. Check with local and professional guides or HCCS, and SAE for more information.

CASHPOINTS /ATMs
When withdrawing money from an ATM ,check to ensure that no additional card reading devices are attached to the machine. Make sure no-one is looking over your shoulder, and remember to remove your card as well as your cash. If you have a problem with your card, don't accept assistance from anyone except bank staff. Many of the banks have security guards by the ATMs at all times when leaving the bank do not go down isolated side streets, as you may be being followed. If you are going on somewhere walk a short distance away from the ATM and take a taxi. It is not advisable to take a taxi from directly outside the ATM.

STREET CHILDREN
Although the children who approach you in the street may be cute, be aware that many work in groups to rob tourists. While several distract you, one is searching your pockets backpack etc. Whilst not true of all children, please also remember that giving money to them only encourages begging. A more productive way of helping is to make a donation (or do some voluntary work if you have the time) in one of the many drop-in centres for street children which aims to support them and encourage them to go to school .

DRINKS
Generally free drinks are made with the cheapest alcohol available which is not necessarily of high quality. Also, in any of the discotheques be sure to watch the barman make your drink and the keep an eye on it. Do not leave it unattended at any time. If you do, throw it away and purchase a new one.

TOUR GUIDES AND TRAVEL COMPANIES
We recommend that you use reputable and recognised tour guides at all the times. Beware of any people who befriend you (day or night) offering tours and trips to unknown areas. It is often a trick to lure you to an isolated area. If you want to go, do not go alone.
When you want book any tour here in Cusco, do so with official travel companies (where they have to show different licenses or permissions of the Peruvian ministry of tourism, such as AUTORIZACION from INRENA to do the Inka trail.

Tips to go to sleep quicker:
1. Don't watch TV or even so much as look at a computer screen atleast 30 minutes before you lie down. The light from both a television as well as a computer monitor mimic the same intensity of light as sunlight. This fools your body and brain into thinking it's nowhere near time for sleep.
2. Drink milk. Milk has an amino acid in it called Tryptophan that increase the levels of serotonin and/or melatonin in the brain which slow down brain activity. It's science folks.
3. Go to bed when you are tired. Different strokes for different folks here. Just because your wife goes to bed at 9PM doesn't mean you are ready. You might only require seven and half hours of sleep while she might require ten. If you aren't tired, do something low-key until you are, like read a book, play solitaire (NOT on your computer), or play with some legos.
4. Reserve the bed for bed things (ie sleep and sex). I for one don't strictly follow this rule as I'll read some before I go to sleep, but for some people this is a must.
5. Meditate. No, don't cross your legs and hum, but focus on relaxing...if that makes sense. Take deep, long breaths. Tense each muscle one at a time from head to toe. Focusing on doing this takes your mind off of other things and you'll be in lala land in no time.
6. Excercise during the day. I emphasize during the day. Excercising at night just gets everything going instead of shutting down for sleep. But excercising during the day tires the muscles out and makes for a solid nights sleep.

And more tips:
1. Try exercising for thirty minutes a day. Yes, you hear exercise will help everything, but in this case it can be true. Exercise relaxes the body and muscles. It also makes us tired. But try to do this at least six hours before your bedtime. When you exercise your body temperature rises (you hope). You want your body to have plenty of time to cool down before bedtime.
2. Go to bed every night at the same time. You should also get up around the same time every morning. This includes weekends and days off from work. Our bodies have eternal clocks. They run better when these eternal clocks work on schedule.
3. Reduce your stress. Stress can be the reason you are staying awake. It isn't possible not to have some stress in your life. But you can try to reduce it. And definitely try not to focus on this stress before bedtime. Try to think happy, peaceful thoughts.
4. Keep your bedroom a cooler temperature than the rest of the house. It is a known fact that if you can snuggle under a blanket or even a sheet, you will sleep better. A hot bedroom is a stuffy bedroom, not a relaxing one.
5. Slow down on your liquid intake before bedtime (preferably about two hours before bedtime). If your bladder is full, you will wake up. Waking up in the middle of the night, may mean you won't be able to go back to sleep.
6. Don't snack on spicy, hot or high fat foods before bedtime. It can mess up your stomach causing ingestion and keep you awake. Try light snacks instead, like cereal and nonfat milk.
7. Watch your caffeine intake. Caffeine makes us hyper. This can keep us awake. If you must drink caffeine products try to drink them six hours before your bedtime.
8. Avoid alcohol before bedtime. A lot of people think that alcohol will help them sleep better. It is true it may make you go to sleep quicker, but generally it will cause you to wake up quicker and when you awake your mind is so alert you have a hard to impossible time falling back to sleep.
Source(s):

AUTHORIZED INKA TRAIL TO MACHUPICCHU WRITE DOWN (quechuas expeditions) 

So you have ask them to show you these licenses otherwise they are not official tour operators - they just sell tours and pass people on official licensed travel companies.
People may also approach you on the streets selling tours with low prices. Be careful because most of these people take tourists to different non - official travel companies. The people who work there they are often not professional, most don't speak English and are just looking to make some easy money. The reason they are so cheap is because the prices often don’t include entrance fees, train tickets and so on. Remember that Quechuas Expeditions are professionals in tourism and we also are guides who were working on the Inka trail and other treks for many years. However there are other companies who have owners who have never been on these treks.